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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure
Operation

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 A Few Definitions 

From ASME A17.1-2004

Car-Switch Operation - operation control wherein the movement and direction of travel of the car are directly and solely under the control of the attendant by means of a manually operated car switch or of continuous-pressure buttons in the car.

Continuous-Pressure Operation - operation control by means of buttons or switches in the car and at the landings, any one of which may be used to control the movement of the car as long as the button or switch is manually maintained in the actuating position.

Car-Switch Automatic Floor-Stop Operation - operation in which the stop is initiated by the attendant from within the car with a definite reference to the landing at which it is desired to stop, after which the slowing down and stopping of the elevator is effected automatically.

Signal Operation - operation control by means of single buttons or switches (or both) in the car, and "UP" or "DOWN" direction buttons (or both) at the landings, by which predetermined landing stops may be set up or registered for an elevator or for a group of elevators. The stops set up by the momentary actuation of the car buttons are made automatically in succession as the car reaches those landings, irrespective of its direction of travel or the sequence in which the buttons are actuated. The stops set up by the momentary actuation of the "UP" and "DOWN" buttons at the landing are made automatically by the first available car in the group approaching the landings in the corresponding direction, irrespective of the sequence in which the buttons are actuated. With this type of operation, the car can be started only by means of a starting switch or button in the car.

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From ASA A17.1-1937 (American Standards Association)

Emergency Release (Definition) - An emergency release is a device the purpose of which is to make inoperative door or gate electric contacts or door interlocks is case of emergency.

Rule 123 Emergency Release

a The emergency release shall be in the car, plainly visible to the occupants of the car and shall be easily accessible to the operator.

b The emergency release shall be provided with a breakglass cover and with means for breaking the glass.

c To operate the car under emergency conditions, it shall be necessary for the operator to hold the emergency release in the operative position.

d The emergency release shall be constructed so that it cannot be readily tampered or "plugged" in the release position. Rods, connections, and wiring used in the operation of the emergency release, that are accessible from the car, shall be enclosed and protected from injury.

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Rule 224 g The handle of car-switch operating devices shall be arranged to return to the "Stop" position and lock there automatically when the hand of the operator is removed.

Rule 224 o Car-switch and hand operating levers shall be so arranged that the movement of the lever toward the car gate which the operator usually faces will cause the car to descend and the movement of the lever away from the gate will cause the car to ascend.

Most car-switch operated elevators will have the lever arranged in this manner.

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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 1
Image provided by: Carney Watts
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 2
Baker Hotel - Mineral Wells, Texas, U.S.A.
Image provided by: Carney Watts
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 3
If you need to hold down the 'center button' as the instructions say, does this
mean that you are pressing the emergency release button to operate the car?
If so, could this car be operating with a faulty hall or car door contact
that is being bypassed by this emergency release button?!
Image provided by: Carney Watts
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 4
I'm not sure why there are car call buttons as well as a car switch unless
the car was modernized or it is Signal Operation. If you know...Please drop me a line!
Image provided by: Kenny Liftuer
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 5
The same Otis car-switch as above
Image provided by: Kenny Liftuer
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 6
California State Library - Sacramento, California, U.S.A.
Image provided by: Sam Wilson
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 7
Image provided by: Ken Fowler
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 8
The lever below the car switch, and to the right of the junction box, is typically a stop switch
Image provided by: Oscar LaCosta
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 9
Coit Tower - San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
Image provided by: Neal Stubbs
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 10
Continuous-pressure car station
Derelict Fisher Body Plant - Detroit, Michigan, U.S.A.
Image provided by: Neal Stubbs
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 11
Continuous-pressure lobby buttons
Hotel Bell - Alva, Oklahoma, U.S.A.
Image provided by: Sam Wilson
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 12
An example of a continuous-pressure type of switch used as a operating device at a landing
Image provided by: Herbie T. Mann
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 13
Continuous-pressure operating device at an abandoned Nike Missile base
Image provided by: Roland Biggs
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 14
Continuous-pressure car operating station
Image provided by: Paddy Noustor
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 15
Continuous-pressure car operating station
Image provided by: Ken Fowler
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 16
Image provided by: Ken Fowler
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 17A
This car switch arrangement is slightly different than all of the previous ones
I believe this is called Signal Operation
Image provided by: Kenny Liftuer
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 17B
As you can see there are probably call buttons above the car switch in the upper image.
These images have another interesting device - an "Emergency Cut Out" button (Emergency Release)
This button, provided behind a breakglass cover, is used to bypass the door contacts in case of an emergency.
I actually inspected a 3-stop car switch elevator that had a key switch that could bypass all of the hall door contacts
(there was no car door or gate). The car was actually running in this mode. There was a bad door lock contact so
they did what they thought they were suppose to do and did so indefinitely...I had to "shut 'em down!"
Image provided by: Patrick A. Carrajat - Certified Elevator & Escalator Products
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 18
An Otis Fenson Elevator Company car-switch
Please note the patent date of August 8, 90 (1890) on the upper data plate
Image provided by: Kenny Liftuer
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 19
Image provided by: Carney Watts
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 20
Stanley Hotel - Estes Park, Colorado, U.S.A.
Image provided by: Notue Kleer
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 21
Turnbull continuous-pressure car operating device
Image provided by: Carney Watts
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 22
Continuous-pressure hall operating device and a bell button to alert the previous user to "SHUT THE GATE!"
From a derelict warehouse in East Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
Image provided by: Roland Low
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 23
A continuous-pressure operating device - the bottom button reads "BELL"
Does anyone recognize the logo on the faceplate...if so Please drop me a line!
Image provided by: Roland Low
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 24
A Shepard Elevator Company car-switch...but I cannot see the handle!
Image provided by: Patrick A. Carrajat - Certified Elevator & Escalator Products
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 25
A hall call button from Budapest, Hungary
Could this be the first digital Destination Dispatch call station?
The top two white buttons are marked "0" & "1".
If you are on one of the upper floors and need to go to the:
First landing press "1"
Second landing press "1" "0"
Third landing press "1" "1"
Fourth landing press "1" "0" "0"
...and so forth!
Image provided by: Jason Summers
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 26   Click to view a larger and higher resolution image
A lovely elevator operator at the Hollywood Athletic Club - Hollywood, California, U.S.A.
Image provided by: D.B. Selwick
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 27
A huge freight elevator
Image provided by: Roland Low
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 28
Torre Latinoamericana ("Latin American Tower") - Mexico City, Mexico
Image provided by: Roi Lung
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 29
An elevator located somewhere in New York City, New York, U.S.A.
Image provided by: Roi Lung
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Car-Switch/Continuous-Pressure Operation
Image 30
Another beautiful Otis car-switch
Image provided by: Brad Jonestown
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